Abstract The research introduced a new method for land-use classification by merging deep convolutional neural networks with a modified variant of a metaheuristic optimization technique. The methodology involved utilizing the VGG-19 model for feature extraction. dimensionality reduction. and a stacked autoencoder optimized with a boosted version of the Big Bang Crunch Theory. https://www.icebluesneaker.shop/product-category/jordan-5/